Neuropsychological approach to assessment of narrative skills in 5 years-old children
Abstract
RESUMO
The study aims to precise the correlations between executive functions development in children with their narrative production. Based on literature review the main hypothesis of the study was that statistical correlations between executive functions and narrative skills depend on assessment measures. To verify the hypothesis 297 preschoolers (150 boys and 147 girls, mean age 5.9±9=0.4 years old) were tested on executive functions (verbal working memory, visual working memory, cognitive flexibility and inhibition) and were asked to create a story (narrative) based on a series of pictures. The narratives were assessed with two assessment tools: Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) and Creating a story based on the Series of Pictures (CSBSP). The data was analyzed with Spearman pairwise correlations. The results showed that neuropsychological approach (CSBSP) permitted to clarify the particularities of relationships between narratives’ aspects and executive functions measures.
Key words: executive functions, preschool age, narratives, MAIN, CSBSP.
ABSTRACT
El estudio tiene como objetivo precisar las correlaciones entre el desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas en niños y su producción narrativa. Basado en la revisión de literatura, la hipótesis principal del estudio fue que las correlaciones estadísticas entre funciones ejecutivas y habilidades narrativas dependen de las medidas de evaluación. Para verificar la hipótesis, se evaluó a 297 niños en edad preescolar (150 niños y 147 niñas, edad media de 5.9±9=0.4 años) en funciones ejecutivas (memoria de trabajo verbal, memoria de trabajo visual, flexibilidad cognitiva e inhibición) y se les pidió que crearan una historia (narrativa) basada en una serie de imágenes. Las narrativas fueron evaluadas con dos herramientas de evaluación: Instrumento de Evaluación Multilingüe para Narrativas (MAIN) y Creación de una Historia basada en la Serie de Imágenes (CSBSP). Los datos fueron analizados con correlaciones pareadas de Spearman. Los resultados mostraron que el enfoque neuropsicológico (CSBSP) permitió esclarecer las particularidades de las relaciones entre los aspectos narrativos y las medidas de funciones ejecutivas.
Palabras clave: funciones ejecutivas, edad preescolar, narrativas, MAIN, CSBSP.
RESUMEN
O estudo visa precisar as correlações entre o desenvolvimento das funções executivas em crianças e sua produção narrativa. Com base na revisão de literatura, a hipótese principal do estudo foi que as correlações estatísticas entre funções executivas e habilidades narrativas dependem das medidas de avaliação. Para verificar a hipótese, 297 crianças em idade pré-escolar (150 meninos e 147 meninas, idade média de 5.9±9=0.4 anos) foram testadas em funções executivas (memória de trabalho verbal, memória de trabalho visual, flexibilidade cognitiva e inibição) e solicitadas a criar uma história (narrativa) baseada em uma série de imagens. As narrativas foram avaliadas com duas ferramentas de avaliação: Instrumento de Avaliação Multilíngue para Narrativas (MAIN) e Criação de uma História baseada na Série de Imagens (CSBSP). Os dados foram analisados com correlações pareadas de Spearman. Os resultados mostraram que a abordagem neuropsicológica (CSBSP) permitiu esclarecer as particularidades das relações entre os aspectos narrativos e as medidas de funções executivas.
Palavras-chave: funções executivas, idade pré-escolar, narrativas, MAIN, CSBSP.
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