Rehabilitación y corrección que conduce al desarrollo en la edad preescolar
Abstract
RESUMO
Las dificultades que surgen en el desarrollo psicológico, desde la edad preescolar, requieren de la atención desde el enfoque neuropsicológico y psicológico. El enfoque neuropsicológico considera la participación funcional cerebral como la base de la adquisición de las acciones culturales, mientras que el enfoque psicológico puede analizar las situaciones sociales, en las cuales este proceso transcurre. El objetivo de presente artículo es aclarar las aportaciones de la neuropsicología y la psicología para la rehabilitación y corrección en la edad preescolar que conduce al desarrollo psicológico. Se discute la necesidad para modificar las condiciones de la vida y el desarrollo de los menores que puedan favorecer al transcurso favorable de su desarrollo, en el caso de las condiciones sociales y orgánicas desfavorables.
Palabras clave: Rehabilitación infantil, Corrección, Desarrollo, Edad preescolar, Enfoque histórico- cultural.
ABSTRACT
The difficulties in psychological development, which appear starting from preschool age, require of neuropsychological and psychological attention. Neuropsychological approach considers the participation of functional brain systems as the basis of acquisition of cultural actions by child, while psychological approach study social conditions, in which this process takes place. The goal of the present study if to analyze the contributions of neuropsychology and psychology to the process of rehabilitation and correction in pre-school age. Brain functional systems are not formed spontaneously, but always during realization of different activities in different social contexts. The necessity of modification of conditions of life and development is discussed in terms of cultural historical approach, according to which the role of adults and social institutions is essential for child’s development.
Key words: Child rehabilitation, correction, development, preschool age, cultural historical approach.
RESUMEN
As dificuldades que surgem no desenvolvimento psicológico, a partir da idade pré-escolar, requerem atenção do enfoque neuropsicológico e psicológico. O enfoque neuropsicológico considera o envolvimento funcional do cérebro como a base para a aquisição de ações culturais, enquanto o enfoque psicológico pode analisar as situações sociais em que esse proceso ocorre. O objetivo deste artigo é esclarecer as contribuições da neuropsicologia e da psicologia para a reabilitação e correção na idade pré-escolar, que conduzem ao desenvolvimento psicológico. Discute-se a necessidade de modificar as condições de vida e desenvolvimento das crianças que podem favorecer o curso favorável de seu desenvolvimento, no caso de condições sociais e orgânicas desfavoráveis
Palavras-chave: Reabilitação infantil, Correção, Desenvolvimento, Idade pré- escolar, Enfoque histórico-cultural.
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