Funciones ejecutivas como predictores del consumo y la dependencia al tabaco
Abstract
Resumen
Entre los factores relacionados con el consumo de tabaco se encuentran problemas en las funciones ejecutivas, lo cual podrÃa influir en el logro de la abstinencia de los fumadores. Sin embargo, las investigaciones no han sido concluyentes, ya que algunos estudios no han encontrado esa asociación o refieren que la manifestación de alteraciones ocurre en adultos de más de 60 años. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar si el rendimiento en las funciones ejecutivas predice el patrón de consumo de tabaco y el nivel de dependencia a la nicotina. La muestra estuvo conformada por 26 personas que consumen tabaco, con una media de edad de 42.8 años (DE= 15.0). Un análisis de regresión múltiple mostró que la atenciónselectiva, la flexibilidad mental y el control inhibitorio predicen el puntaje total del nivel de dependencia a la nicotina, y el control inhibitorio predice el patrón del consumo de tabaco.
Palabras Clave: Funciones Ejecutivas; Consumo de Tabaco; Dependencia a la Nicotina; Inhibición; Flexibilidad Mental.
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Abstract
Among the factors related to tobacco use are problems in executive functions, which could influence the achievement of abstinence from smokers. However, the investigations have not been conclusive, since some studies have not found that association or refer to the manifestation of alterations occurs in adults over 60 years. The objective of the present investigation was to determine whether performance in executive functions predicts the pattern of tobacco consumption and the level of nicotine dependence. The sample consisted of 26 people who consume tobacco, with an average age of 42.8 years (SD = 15.0). A multiple regression analysis showed that the selective attention, mental flexibility and inhibitory control predict the total score of the level of nicotine dependence, and inhibitory control predicts the pattern of tobacco consumption.Â
Key Words: Executive Functions; Tobacco Consumption; Nicotine Dependence; Inhibition; Mental Flexibility.
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ResumoÂ
Entre os fatores relacionados com o consumo de tabaco encontram-se problemas nas funções executivas, a qual poderia influenciar no sucesso da abstinência dos fumadores. No entanto, as investigações não foram concludentes, já que alguns estudos não encontraram essa associação ou referem que a manifestação de alterações ocorrem em adultos com mais de 60 anos. O objetivo da presente investigação foi determinar se o rendimento nas funções executivas predizem o padrão de consumo de tabaco e o nÃvel de dependência à nicotina. A amostra esteve conformada por 26 pessoas que consomem tabaco, com uma média de idade de 42.8 anos (DE= 15.0). Uma análise de regressão múltipla mostrou que a atenção seletiva, a flexibilidade mental e o controle inibitório predizem a pontuação total do nÃvel de dependência à nicotina, e o controle inibitório prediz o padrão do consumo de tabaco.
Palavras-chave: Funções Executivas; Consumo de Tabaco; Dependência à Nicotina; Inibição; Flexibilidade Mental.
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